SLS (Space Launch System) je NASA-ina super-teška raketa visoka 322 stope (~98 m) koja razvija oko 8,8 miliona funti guranja (~39 MN). Tokom debija je podigla oko 27 metričkih tona prema Mesecu. Iako je među najmoćnijim raketama, po visini ga nadmašuje SpaceX-ov Starship. Artemis 2 će biti desetodnevna misija oko Meseca sa posadom koja će testirati sisteme za buduća sletanja.
NASA-in SLS za Artemis: Ogromna raketa od 98 m — Kako se upoređuje sa Starshipom i Saturn V?
NASA Administrator Jared Isaacman stands with the Artemis II crew during an SLS rollout press briefing.
Ako planirate da pošaljete posadu astronauta oko 250.000 milja daleko, potrebna vam je velika raketa — i upravo to sada stoji na lansirnoj rampi na Floridi: NASA-in Space Launch System (SLS), dizajniran za povratak ljudi na Mesec u okviru programa Artemis.
Brzi pregled
SLS u punom sastavu meri 322 stope (oko 98 metara) i pri poletanju razvija približno 8,8 miliona funti guranja (~39 MN). Raketa je konstruisana da direktno pošalje Orion kapsulu sa posadom i veliki teret ka Mesecu — tokom debitantskog leta SLS je isporučio oko 27 metričkih tona (oko 59.000 funti) na putanju ka Mesecu.
Tehnički detalji
SLS se sastoji od:
- Core stejdž dužine oko 212 stopa (~65 m) sa četiri RS-25 motora koji koriste tečni vodonik i tečni kiseonik;
- dva bočna čvrsta raketna pojačivača od ~177 stopa (~54 m) koji daju većinu početnog guranja;
- Orion kapsulu na vrhu, predviđenu za do četiri astronauta.
Kako stoji u poređenju sa drugim raketama?
Iako je SLS među najmoćnijim raketama koje je NASA ikada lansirala, nije najviša aktivna raketa na svetu. Visina i poređenje:
- SLS: 322 stope (~98 m)
- Saturn V (umirovljeni): oko 363 stope (~111 m) — istorijski raketni stub Apolo programa
- SpaceX Starship (razvojne verzije): ~400+ stopa (~122 m) — trenutno viši od SLS-a
- New Glenn (Blue Origin): ~320 stopa (~98 m)
- Falcon 9 / Falcon Heavy (SpaceX): ~230 stopa (~70 m)
Uloga u programu Artemis
SLS je ključan za misije Artemis jer jedini trenutno operativni sistem koji može istovremeno da ponese Orion sa posadom (do četiri astronauta) i veliki teret direktno prema Mesecu. Prvi probni let, Artemis 1 (16. novembar 2022), poslao je Orion bez posade oko Meseca i potvrdio mnoge sisteme rakete.
Artemis 2: posada i plan
Artemis 2 će biti prvi let sa ljudskom posadom na Orionu: komandant Reid Wiseman, pilot Victor Glover, misijski specijalista Christina Koch i kanadski astronaut Jeremy Hansen (CSA). Misija je predviđena kao približno desetodnevni let oko Meseca, bez sletanja, tokom kojeg će se testirati sistemi za buduće ekspedicije. Tačni datumi lansiranja podložni su promenama.
Šta sledi?
Sledeće misije u programu Artemis planiraju dalji napredak prema povratku ljudi na lunarnu površinu: Artemis 3 (planirano sastajanje i dokovanje sa komercijalnim lunarnim letelicama) i najraniji mogući datum sletanja na površinu često se navodi kao 2028. (Artemis 4), ali rasporedi zavise od razvoja sistema i partnera.
Zaključak: SLS je po snazi i sposobnostima ključan za NASA-ine planove povratka ljudi na Mesec — vizuelno impresivan i tehnički moćan, ali po visini ga nadvisuje SpaceX-ov Starship.
Autor originalnog teksta: Eric Lagatta (USA TODAY). Tekst preveden i prilagođen za srpski čitalački auditorijum.
Thecrew of ArtemisII (from left: Mission Specialist Jeremy Hansen, Mission Specialist Christina Koch, Pilot Victor Glover and Commander Reid Wiseman) answer questions at a press conference as their Space Launch System rocket is transported to Pad 39B January 17, 2026. Artemis II is tentatively scheduled to launch on a mission to th Moon in early February. Craig Bailey/FLORIDA TODAY via USA TODAY NETWORK
Artemis II Commander Reid Wiseman answers questions during a press conference at Kennedy Space Center, FL January 17, 2026. The Artemis II crew is tentatively scheduled to launch in early February. Craig Bailey/FLORIDA TODAY via USA TODAY NETWORK
Artemis II Pilot Victor Glover answers questions during a press conference at Kennedy Space Center, FL January 17, 2026. The Artemis II crew is tentatively scheduled to launch in early February. Craig Bailey/FLORIDA TODAY via USA TODAY NETWORK
Artemis II Mission Specialist Jeremy Hansen answers questions during a press conference at Kennedy Space Center, FL January 17, 2026. The Artemis II crew is tentatively scheduled to launch in early February. Craig Bailey/FLORIDA TODAY via USA TODAY NETWORK
The Artemis II crew poses in front of an Orion simulator Jan. 23, 2026 at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston.
Four astronauts will venture around the Moon on Artemis II, the first crewed mission on NASA's path to establishing a long-term presence at the Moon for science and exploration through Artemis. The 10-day flight will help confirm systems and hardware needed for early human lunar exploration missions.
The crew of Artemis II (from left) Jeremy Hansen, Christina Koch, Victor Glover and Reid Wiseman leave crew quarters December 20, 2025 during their pre-launch rehearsal. Craig Bailey, FLORIDA TODAY via USA TODAY NETWORK
Artemis II mission specialist Christina Koch talks with spectators as the crew leaves crew quarters December 20, 2025 during their pre-launch rehearsal. Craig Bailey, FLORIDA TODAY via USA TODAY NETWORK
The astronauts of Artemis II (from left) Victor Glover, Jeremy Hansen, Reid Wiseman and Christina Koch leave crew quarters December 20, 2025 during their pre-launch rehearsal. Craig Bailey, FLORIDA TODAY via USA TODAY NETWORK
Artemis 2 crew members, shown Aug. 8, 2023 inside the Neil Armstrong Operations and Checkout Building at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, walk toward their Orion crew module.
Graphic shows the size (in height) of Space Launch System (SLS) in comparison to other rockets.
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