MAVEN Bez Signala: NASA Ponovo Pokušava Uspostaviti Kontakt Sa Marskim Orbiterom

NASA je izgubila kontakt sa orbiterom MAVEN početkom decembra, a do sadašnji pokušaji da se ponovo uspostavi veza nisu dali rezultate. Letelica, koja proučava gornju atmosferu Marsa više od decenije, poslednji put je pružila potpunu telemetriju 4. decembra 2025. godine, dok je gubitak signala prijavljen 6. decembra.

Šta se tačno dogodilo?

Prema izveštajima NASA, telemetrija je pokazala da su svi podsistemi radili normalno pre nego što je MAVEN prošao iza Marsa iz perspektive Zemlje. Kada je trebalo da se pojavi iz senke planete, mreža velikih radio-antena poznata kao Deep Space Network nije registrovala standardni signal.

Timovi su 15. decembra uspeli da uoče „kratak fragment“ podataka za praćenje koji ukazuje da se letelica nalazila u snažnoj rotaciji i da bi mogla biti na izmenjenoj putanji. NASA od tada šalje naredbe i nastavlja da skenira frekvencije u potrazi za bilo kakvim znakom života letelice.

Solarna konjunkcija i naredni koraci

Komunikaciju je dodatno onemogućila solarna konjunkcija — period kada su Zemlja i Mars s obe strane Sunca — koja je trajala od 29. decembra do 16. januara. Tokom tog intervala nije bilo moguće bezbedno razmenjivati podatke, pa su napori privremeno ograničeni. NASA je 16. januara najavila da će ponovo početi sa pojačanim pokušajima uspostavljanja veze.

U međuvremenu su čak i drugi instrumenti pokušali da pomognu: rover Curiosity izveo je vizuelne pokušaje detekcije iznad površine Marsa, ali bez uspeha. Inženjeri na Zemlji nastavljaju s analizom dobijenih fragmenata podataka i simulacijama mogućih scenarija kako bi pripremili naredne komande.

Šta je MAVEN i zašto je važan?

MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN) je orbiter visok oko 11 stopa koji je lansiran u novembru 2013. i stigao u orbitu Marsa u septembru 2014. Njegov glavni zadatak je proučavanje gornjih slojeva atmosfere — naročito procesa gubitka gasova u svemir — što pomaže naučnicima da razumeju klimatsku i vodenu istoriju Crvene planete i njenu potencijalnu naseljivost.

Osim atmosferskih istraživanja, MAVEN je zabeležio i ultraljubičaste posmatranja međuzvezdanog kometa 3I/ATLAS krajem 2025. godine, doprinoseći zajedničkim naporima više misija na Marsu da prouče ovaj retki objekat.

Šta očekivati dalje

NASA nastavlja da šalje komande i traži signal koristeći Deep Space Network i druge dostupne resurse. Mogućnosti vraćanja komunikacije zavise od stanja napajanja, orijentacije letelice i eventualnih oštećenja senzora ili antene. Agencija očekuje da će ponovni pokušaji i analiza pristiglih podataka tokom narednih nedelja dati jasniju sliku o tome da li je oporavak moguć.

Ukratko: MAVEN je ozbiljna i dugo aktivna misija čiji eventualni povratak u komunikaciju može doneti važne naučne podatke; ukoliko se signal ne povrati, gubitak bi bio značajan za dugoročno praćenje atmosferskih promena na Marsu.

Athena, the lunar lander on Intuitive Machines' IM-2 mission, captured this image of the moon's surface with Earth seen in the distance ahead of a March 6 landing attempt. While the lander was the second U.S. vehicle to reach the moon within a week, it ultimately landed on its side, which hindered much of its mission.

NASA astronaut Suni Williams is helped out of a SpaceX Dragon spacecraft March 18 following a return to Earth after a nine-month stay at the International Space Station. She and NASA astronaut Butch Wilmore crewed the Boeing Starliner, which had launched in June 2024 on a failed test flight that was meant to return them to Earth a few days later.

Butch Wilmore reacts after he and Suni Williams and two other astronauts splashed down March 18 in a Crew Dragon space capsule following their return to earth from the International Space Station off the coast of Florida. The astronauts' extended stay at the orbital outpost dominated the news cycle for months.

A SpaceX support team member is seen airborne while working to lift the SpaceX Dragon capsule that returned the Starliner astronauts and two others onto a recovery vehicle following its landing off the coast of Florida.

This picture shows the crew of a privately-funded mission known as Fram2, from left to right, mission specialist and medical officer Eric Philips, mission commander Chun Wang, pilot Rabea Rogge and vehicle commander Jannicke Mikkelsen on March 19, 2025 in Hawthorne, California. Launched March 31 from Florida using a SpaceX Dragon capsule, the mission became t first ever human spaceflight over the Earth's polar regions.

Pop musician Katy Perry emerges April 14 from Blue Origin's New Shepard capsule in West Texas following a brief flight to the edge of space. Perry was part of an all-women crew that also included broadcast journalist Gayle King that took the ride from Blue Origin's facility called Launch Site One. The high-profile launch attracted plenty of headlines and even drew some backlash from those who viewed the mission as a wasteful publicity stunt.

Blue Origin's New Shepard rocket carrying astronauts Aisha Bowe, Amanda Nguyen, Kerianne Flynn, Gayle King, Katy Perry, and Lauren Sanchez lifts off April 14 from Launch Site One near Van Horn, Texas. Blue Origin has since launched five more human spaceflights on the New Shepard in 2025.

This photo depicts a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket carrying the latest batch of Amazon's broadband satellites on Dec. 16 to low-Earth orbit after launching from the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida. Formerly called Project Kuiper, the venture has since been renamed Amazon Leo. Since its debut April launch, Amazon Leo has deployed 180 of 3,000 satellites planned for its first constellation, which could challenge SpaceX's Starlink.

A group of Blue Origin employees with their friends and families gather on the beach in Cape Canaveral for the launch of Blue Origin's second New Glenn rocket in 2025. Following its January debut, the rocket launched for the second time Nov. 13 from Launch Complex 36 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, sending NASA's twin ESCAPADE spacecraft on their trek to Mars.

Darkness falls Nov. 9 as a Blue Origin New Glenn rocket is prepped for its second-ever launch from the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. Blue Origin is developing the towering rocket for heavy-lift missions that could see Jeff Bezos' company compete with Elon Musk and SpaceX.

The SpaceX Starship spacecraft sits Oct. 12, 2025 atop the Super Heavy booster before sunrise as preparations continue for its 11th test flight from the company's complex in Starbase, Texas.

A SpaceX Super Heavy booster carrying the Starship spacecraft lifts off Oct. 13, 2025, on its 11th ever test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas. The launch was Starship's fifth of 2025, and second consecutive successful test flight following a year that was early on marked by explosive failures. SpaceX is developing the rocket for future missions that would help NASA astronauts land on the moon and also potentially transport the first humans to Mars.

This image shows an artist concept of NASA's Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission.

NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope last observed come 3I/ATLAS on Nov. 30, about four months after Hubble's first look at the interstellar comet. 3I/ATLAS became one of the biggest cosmic stories of the year when astronomers deemed it to be the third-ever discovered interstellar object in our solar system originating from an entirely different part of the galaxy.

The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera aboard NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter captured this image of interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS on Oct. 2, 2025. At the time it was imaged, the comet was about 19 million miles from the spacecraft. The comet didn't come nearly as close to Earth, when it reached a distance of 170 million miles from our planet on Dec. 19.

This image shows the 3I/ATLAS interstellar comet as a bright, fuzzy orb in the center. Traveling through our solar system at 130,000 miles per hour, 3I/ATLAS was made visible by using a series of colorized stacked images from Sept. 11-25, using the Heliocentric Imager-1 (H1) instrument, a visible-light imager on the STEREO-A (Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory) spacecraft. The colorization was applied to differentiate the image from other observing spacecraft images.

Because it's big enough to be deemed a "city killer," asteroid 2024 YR4 became a source of alarm due to the uncommonly high risk it had of colliding with Earth on Dec. 22, 2032. For a time, it was the only object among more than 37,000 known large space rocks with any chance of hitting Earth anytime soon – with its probability of impact even rising to a record level of 3.1%.That began to change in late February as more precise observations allowed scientists to effectively winnow down the asteroid's odds of impact to a number so low, it might as well be zero.

An exoplanet known as K2-18b achieved a degree of fame in April when a team of astronomers claimed to have found in its atmosphere "the strongest evidence yet" that life exists anywhere else besides Earth. Other scientists have since cast doubt on the findings – putting a damper on the notion that humanity finally had proof that we aren't alone in the cosmos.

This artist's concept shows what exoplanet K2-18b could look like based on scientific data. NASA's James Webb Space Telescope has observed K2-18b, an exoplanet 8.6 times as massive as Earth, revealing conditions that could support life on the exoplanet.

NASA’s Perseverance Mars rover is seen in a "selfie" that it took over on Sept. 10, 2021. Perseverance rover, along with Curiosity, is one of the agency's two car-sized robots exploring the Martian surface for signs that the planet was once habitable. And in September, NASA officials confirmed that one of the rovers’ finds contained a potential biosignature.

A reddish rock nicknamed "Cheyava Falls", with features resembling leopard spots was discovered by NASA's Perseverance rover in Mars’ Jezero Crater in July 2024, in this handout photograph released on September 10, 2025.

The northern lights, also known as the aurora borealis, light up the night sky Nov. 11 east of Denver, Colorado. A powerful geomagnetic solar storm in November blasted Earth and created the conditions necessary to reveal the auroras much further south in the United States than is typical.

A group of friends take photos of the northern lights Nov. 11 as they appear over Clinton Lake in Lawrence, Kansas. After NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center issued a "severe" geomagnetic storm watch in November, many people in the Northern Hemisphere, which includes the U.S., had an extraordinary opportunity to gaze upon some breathtaking red and green auroras in their own backyard.

In June, the state-of-the-art Vera C. Rubin ground telescope in Chile unveiled its first stunning images of the cosmos. This particular image combines 678 separate images taken by the observatory in just over seven hours of observing time. Combining many images in this way clearly reveals otherwise faint or invisible details, such as the clouds of gas and dust that comprise the Trifid nebula (top) and the Lagoon nebula, which are several thousand light-years away from Earth.

An ultraviolet image composite of the hydrogen atoms surrounding comet 3I/ATLAS, the third interstellar object ever detected by astronomers, as it passes through our solar system. This image was taken on Sept. 28, just days before the comet’s closest approach to Mars - by an instrument on NASA's MAVEN spacecraft, which has been studying Mars from orbit since 2014.