3I/ATLAS Se Udaljava: Šta Znamo o Interstelarnom Kometu Koji Napušta Sunčev Sistem

Sećate li se 3I/ATLAS? Interstelarni komet koji je privukao pažnju 2025. i dalje prolazi kroz naš Sunčev sistem, ali uskoro će ponovo ući u međuzvezdani prostor.

Brzi pregled

Objekt otkriven u julu 2025. potvrđen je kao treći poznati objekat poreklom izvan Sunčevog sistema. Teleskop ATLAS u Čileu prvi je uočio komet koji se kretao brzinom od oko 137.000 milja na sat (približno 220.000 km/h). Od tada su ga intenzivno posmatrale svetske opservatorije i svemirske misije.

Šta su posmatranja pokazala

3I/ATLAS ima ledeno jezgro i oko sebe vidljivu komu gasa i prašine, što potvrđuje da je u pitanju aktivan komet. Njegova hiperbolična putanja ukazuje da nije nastao u našem Sunčevom sistemu; potekao je iz pravca sazvežđa Strelca, iz opšteg pravca centralnog dela Mliječnog puta.

Podaci sa Hablovog svemirskog teleskopa pomogli su da se proceni veličina čvrstog, ledenog jezgra — između približno 1.400 stopa (oko 427 m) i 3,5 milje (oko 5,6 km) u prečniku. NASA-in TESS je ponovo posmatrao komet od 15. do 22. januara 2026. kako bi preciznije odredio aktivnost i rotaciju, dok je novi infracrveni teleskop SPHEREx posmatrao komet u decembru.

Bezbednost i teorije zavere

Komet nije opasnost za Zemlju: 19. decembra 2025. prošao je na oko 170 miliona milja (oko 274 miliona kilometara) od naše planete — gotovo dvostruko rastojanje Zemlja–Sunce i preko 700 puta rastojanje Zemlja–Mesec. Ipak, pojavljivanje ovog neobičnog posetioca izazvalo je brojne teorije zavere.

NASA i astronomi jasno poručuju da nema dokaza o vanzemaljskom poreklu ili tehnološkim potpisima; 3I/ATLAS pokazuje osobine običnog kometa.

Zvaničnici su javno odbacili ideju o svemirskom brodu: tadašnji vršilac dužnosti administratora NASA potvrdio je da nema pretnje po život na Zemlji, a zvaničnici iz Direkcije za naučne misije nisu našli nijedan signal koji bi ukazivao na tehnološko poreklo objekta.

Šta dalje očekivati

3I/ATLAS je prošao perihelion krajem oktobra i sada ubrzano napušta centar Sunčevog sistema. Prema procenama, komet će još neko vreme biti vidljiv u predzoru — sve do proleća 2026. čak i manjim teleskopima — pre nego što potpuno napusti naše kosmičko okruženje.

Možete pratiti aktuelne podatke i orbitalne modele na NASA-inoj onlajn simulaciji Eyes on the Solar System, kao i u katalogu Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).

Posmatranja prikupljena tokom prolaska ovog objekta pomažu naučnicima da bolje razumeju poreklo, strukturu i ponašanje međuzvezdanih tela pre nego što se trajno izgube u međuzvezdanom prostoru.

The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera aboard NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter captured this image of interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS on Oct. 2, 2025. At the time it was imaged, the comet was about 19 million miles from the spacecraft. The comet didn't come nearly as close to Earth, when it reached a distance of 170 million miles from our planet on Dec. 19.

This image shows the 3I/ATLAS interstellar comet as a bright, fuzzy orb in the center. Traveling through our solar system at 130,000 miles per hour, 3I/ATLAS was made visible by using a series of colorized stacked images from Sept. 11-25, using the Heliocentric Imager-1 (H1) instrument, a visible-light imager on the STEREO-A (Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory) spacecraft. The colorization was applied to differentiate the image from other observing spacecraft images.

Because it's big enough to be deemed a "city killer," asteroid 2024 YR4 became a source of alarm due to the uncommonly high risk it had of colliding with Earth on Dec. 22, 2032. For a time, it was the only object among more than 37,000 known large space rocks with any chance of hitting Earth anytime soon – with its probability of impact even rising to a record level of 3.1%.That began to change in late February as more precise observations allowed scientists to effectively winnow down the asteroid's odds of impact to a number so low, it might as well be zero.

An exoplanet known as K2-18b achieved a degree of fame in April when a team of astronomers claimed to have found in its atmosphere "the strongest evidence yet" that life exists anywhere else besides Earth. Other scientists have since cast doubt on the findings – putting a damper on the notion that humanity finally had proof that we aren't alone in the cosmos.

This artist's concept shows what exoplanet K2-18b could look like based on scientific data. NASA's James Webb Space Telescope has observed K2-18b, an exoplanet 8.6 times as massive as Earth, revealing conditions that could support life on the exoplanet.

NASA’s Perseverance Mars rover is seen in a "selfie" that it took over on Sept. 10, 2021. Perseverance rover, along with Curiosity, is one of the agency's two car-sized robots exploring the Martian surface for signs that the planet was once habitable. And in September, NASA officials confirmed that one of the rovers’ finds contained a potential biosignature.

A reddish rock nicknamed "Cheyava Falls", with features resembling leopard spots was discovered by NASA's Perseverance rover in Mars’ Jezero Crater in July 2024, in this handout photograph released on September 10, 2025.

The northern lights, also known as the aurora borealis, light up the night sky Nov. 11 east of Denver, Colorado. A powerful geomagnetic solar storm in November blasted Earth and created the conditions necessary to reveal the auroras much further south in the United States than is typical.

A group of friends take photos of the northern lights Nov. 11 as they appear over Clinton Lake in Lawrence, Kansas. After NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center issued a "severe" geomagnetic storm watch in November, many people in the Northern Hemisphere, which includes the U.S., had an extraordinary opportunity to gaze upon some breathtaking red and green auroras in their own backyard.

In June, the state-of-the-art Vera C. Rubin ground telescope in Chile unveiled its first stunning images of the cosmos. This particular image combines 678 separate images taken by the observatory in just over seven hours of observing time. Combining many images in this way clearly reveals otherwise faint or invisible details, such as the clouds of gas and dust that comprise the Trifid nebula (top) and the Lagoon nebula, which are several thousand light-years away from Earth.

NASA’s Psyche mission acquired four observations of interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS over the course of eight hours on Sept. 8 and 9, 2025, when the comet was about 33 million miles from the spacecraft. The data, captured by Psyche’s multispectral imager, is helping astronomers both refine the trajectory of 3I/ATLAS and learn more about the faint coma, or cloud of gas, surrounding its nucleus.

This image shows the observation of comet 3I/ATLAS when it was discovered on July 1, 2025. The NASA-funded ATLAS survey telescope in Chile first reported that the comet originated from interstellar space.

A faint image of comet 3I/ATLAS as observed by ESA/NASA’s SOHO mission between Oct. 15-26, 2025. The comet appears as a slight brightening in the center of the image.

This image shows the halo of gas and dust, or coma, surrounding comet 3I/ATLAS, the third interstellar object ever detected by astronomers as it passes through our solar system. The image was taken on Oct. 9, 2025, by an instrument onboard NASA's MAVEN spacecraft, which has been studying Mars from its orbit since 2014. The instrument, the Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrograph, takes pictures in the ultraviolet part of the spectrum to reveal the chemical composition of objects.

An ultraviolet image composite of the hydrogen atoms surrounding comet 3I/ATLAS, the third interstellar object ever detected by astronomers, as it passes through our solar system. This image was taken on Sept. 28, just days before the comet’s closest approach to Mars - by an instrument on NASA's MAVEN spacecraft, which has been studying Mars from orbit since 2014.

Comet 3I/ATLAS appears as a bright object near the center of this image, made from combining observations from NASA’s PUNCH mission taken from Sept. 20 to Oct. 3, 2025, when the comet was about 231 million to 235 million miles from Earth. Its tail appears as a short elongation to the right. Stars appear as streaks in the background.

The interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS, circled in the center, as seen by the L’LORRI panchromatic, or black-and-white, imager on NASA’s Lucy spacecraft. This image was made by stacking a series of images taken on Sept. 16, as the comet was zooming toward Mars. Lucy was 240 million miles away from 3I/ATLAS at the time making its way to explore eight asteroids that share an orbit with Jupiter.

NASA’s SPHEREx space telescope observed interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS from Aug. 7 to Aug. 15.

Hubble captured this image of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS on July 21, 2025, when the comet was 277 million miles from Earth. Hubble shows that the comet has a teardrop-shaped cocoon of dust coming off its solid, icy nucleus.

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope observed interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS Aug. 6, with its Near-Infrared Spectrograph instrument

Here's a look at 3I/ATLAS location in our solar system as of Feb. 26, 2026.