SpaceX je za tri godine testiranja Starshipa postigao značajne tehnološke prekretnice, ali se suočio i sa dramatičnim neuspesima. Do sada je izvedeno 11 probnih letova: dvaput su poslati simulirani Starlink sateliti, dvaput je ponovo upotrebljen Super Heavy booster, a tri puta je booster uhvaćen "chopsticks" rukama. Iako su neke misije završile eksplozijama ili gubitkom kontakta, kompanija beleži napredak u reizgaranju motora u svemiru i kontroli povratka sistema. Sledeći veliki test je planiran za 19. maj, kada bi treća generacija Starshipa trebalo da poleti.
Od eksplozija do prekretnica: Starship pred 12. letom — šta je SpaceX naučio
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
U aprilu je SpaceX obeležio tri godine testiranja Starship sistema. Posle 11 probnih letova iz Južnog Teksasa, kompanija se sprema za 12. lansiranje najveće rakete na svetu — uz najavu debija treće generacije planiranog za 19. maj.
Pregled razvoja i ključnih dostignuća
Masivni raketni sistem Starship ima istoriju izuzetnih tehnoloških postignuća, ali i spektakularnih neuspeha. Tokom dosadašnjih testova SpaceX je dva puta iz Starshipa ispustio simulirane Starlink satelite, dvaput ponovo iskoristio Super Heavy booster i tri puta uspešno uhvatio povratni booster pomoću ogromnih mehaničkih ruku nadimka "chopsticks". Gornji stejd (Starship) je konzistentno dostizao suborbitalne visine, prelazio polovinu planete i izvodio planirane splashdown-ove u Indijskom okeanu.
Najvažniji letovi — hronologija skraćeno
13. oktobar 2025. — Let sa Starbase baze u Teksasu: Super Heavy je zapalio svih 33 Raptor motora, Starship se odvojio i aktivirao šest motora. Vozilo je po drugi put rasporedilo simulirane Starlink satelite i po treći put reizgorelo Raptor u svemiru. Starship je izveo planirano kontrolisano spuštanje (splashdown) u Indijskom okeanu, dok se booster vratio i sproveo vodeno prizemljenje u Zalivu (u tekstovima pominjano i kao "Gulf of America").
26. avgust 2025. — Najuspešniji test te godine: gornji stejd je rasporedio osam simuliranih Starlink satelita i ponovo zapalio Raptor motor u svemiru; pri povratku je izvršio kontrolisano vertikalno spuštanje pre nego što je eksplodirao na površini mora. Booster je izvršio planirano vodeno spuštanje nakon eksperimenata u letu.
27. maj 2025. — Let u kojem je Super Heavy prvi put ponovo upotrebljen uspešno poletio, ali je Starship izgubio kontrolu oko 46 minuta nakon poletanja i raspao se tokom povratka; ostaci su pali u Indijski okean. Booster je takođe izgubljen tokom povratka.
Raniji letovi (2024–2025) su doneli različite rezultate: tri puta je booster uhvaćen "chopsticks" rukama, nekoliko letova završilo je eksplozijama ili rapid unscheduled disassembly događajima, a u pojedinim misijama SpaceX je uspešno testirao paljenja u svemiru, otvaranje teretnih vrata i prvu ponovnu upotrebu boostera.
Glavni problemi i istrage
FAA i SpaceX vodili su istrage nakon niza neuspeha. U jednom izvještaju SpaceX je naveo da je do jedne eksplozije najverovatnije došlo zbog hardverskog kvara na Raptor motoru koji je prouzrokovao nenamerno mešanje propelenta i paljenje. U drugim incidentima zabeleženi su curenja propelenta i požari u zadnjem delu vozila koji su doveli do kontrolisanog gašenja motora i aktivacije sistema za prekid leta.
Zašto su ovi testovi važni?
Svaka od ovih proba, i uspešne i neuspešne, daje SpaceX vredne podatke. Demonstracije ponovne upotrebe boostera i hvatanje na lansirnoj rampi pokreću ideju potpuno ponovnog upotrebljivog sistema, a reizgaranja Raptor motora u svemiru i kontrolisani splashdown-i približavaju kompaniju cilju povratka i ponovnog lansiranja teretnih i buduće posadećih misija.
Šta sledi
SpaceX nastavlja iterativno da unapređuje dizajn i procedure. Treća generacija Starshipa, čiji je debi planiran za 19. maj, predstavlja sledeći veliki korak u nizu promena koje bi trebale da unaprede pouzdanost i ponovnu upotrebljivost sistema.
Napomena: Ovaj tekst sumira javno dostupne informacije iz niza probnih letova i izveštaja. Detalji i datumi potiču iz izveštaja SpaceX-a i medijskih pokrivanja.
Autor originalnog teksta: Eric Lagatta (USA TODAY). Kontakt: elagatta@usatodayco.com
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
NASA released thousands of new photos taken during the Artemis II mission around the moon. The astronauts selected for the mission thoroughly documented the 10-day voyage, which included an April 6 lunar flyby as they traveled more than a quarter-million miles from Earth.
The SpaceX Starship spacecraft sits Oct. 12, 2025 atop the Super Heavy booster before sunrise as preparations continue for its 11th test flight from the company's complex in Starbase, Texas.
The SpaceX Starship spacecraft sits Oct. 12, 2025 atop the Super Heavy booster before sunrise as preparations continue for its 11th test flight from the company's complex in Starbase, Texas.
The SpaceX Starship spacecraft is hoisted Oct. 11, 2025 along the launch tower for stacking atop the Super Heavy booster in preparation for its 11th test flight from the company's complex in Starbase, Texas.
The SpaceX Starship spacecraft sits Oct. 12, 2025 atop the Super Heavy booster before sunrise as preparations continue for its 11th test flight from the company's complex in Starbase, Texas.
The SpaceX Starship spacecraft sits Oct. 12, 2025 atop the Super Heavy booster before sunrise as preparations continue for its 11th test flight from the company's complex in Starbase, Texas.
The SpaceX Starship spacecraft is hoisted Oct. 11, 2025 along the launch tower for stacking atop the Super Heavy booster in preparation for its 11th test flight from the company's complex in Starbase, Texas.
SpaceX’s 11th Starship test flight lights up the skies over Brevard as seen from the Kennedy Space Center October 13, 2025. Craig Bailey, FLORIDA TODAY via USA TODAY NETWORK
SpaceX’s 11th Starship test flight lights up the skies over Brevard as seen from the Kennedy Space Center October 13, 2025. Craig Bailey, FLORIDA TODAY via USA TODAY NETWORK
SpaceX's Starship rocket launches Oct. 13 during the 11th test flight, as seen from South Padre Island in Texas.
A SpaceX Super Heavy booster carrying the Starship spacecraft lifts off October 13, 2025 on its 11th test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas.
A SpaceX Super Heavy booster carrying the Starship spacecraft lifts off October 13, 2025 on its 11th test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas.
A SpaceX Super Heavy booster carrying the Starship spacecraft lifts off October 13, 2025 on its 11th test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas.
A SpaceX Super Heavy booster carrying the Starship spacecraft lifts off October 13, 2025 on its 11th test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas.
A SpaceX Super Heavy booster carrying the Starship spacecraft lifts off October 13, 2025 on its 11th test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas.
A SpaceX Super Heavy booster carrying the Starship spacecraft lifts off October 13, 2025 on its 11th test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas.
A SpaceX Super Heavy booster splashes down in the Gulf of Mexico, renamed by the U.S. government as the Gulf of America, after launching the SpaceX Starship spacecraft October 13, 2025 on its 11th test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas.
A SpaceX Super Heavy booster carrying the Starship spacecraft lifts off October 13, 2025 on its 11th test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas.
A SpaceX Super Heavy booster carrying the Starship spacecraft lifts off October 13, 2025 on its 11th test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas.
A SpaceX Super Heavy booster carrying the Starship spacecraft lifts off October 13, 2025 on its 11th test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas.
A SpaceX Super Heavy booster carrying the Starship spacecraft lifts off October 13, 2025 on its 11th test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas.
A SpaceX Super Heavy booster carrying the Starship spacecraft lifts off October 13, 2025 on its 11th test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas.
SpaceX's Starship rocket is seen Tuesday, Aug. 26 after lifting off from Starbase, Texas, as seen from South Padre Island. The megarocket roared into the skies on its 10th test flight, following a string of explosive failures that cast doubt about its ability to realize Elon Musk's vision of colonizing Mars.
People gather Tuesday, Aug. 26 on South Padre Island to watch SpaceX Starship launch on it its tenth test flight from the nearby Starbase in South Texas.
People gather Tuesday, Aug. 26 on South Padre Island to watch SpaceX Starship launch on it its tenth test flight from the nearby Starbase in South Texas.
Starship, standing more than 400 feet tall when fully stacked, launches Tuesday, Aug. 26 from SpaceX's Starbase complex in South Texas on its tenth test flight since April 2023.
Starship, composed of both an upper stage and rocket booster known as Super Heavy, sits at the launch pad Tuesday, Aug. 26 before sunrise at SpaceX's Starbase complex ahead of the company's third attempt to launch a mission it referred to as flight 10.
A SpaceX Super Heavy booster separates from the Starship spacecraft Tuesday, Aug. 26 during its 10th test flight at the company's launch pad in Starbase, Texas.
Starship's Super Heavy booster propels the spacecraft into the sky Tuesday, Aug. 26 after launching from Starbase in South Texas.
Starship's contrail can be seen in the sky.
Starship launches Aug. 26 on its 10th flight test from SpaceX's Starbase complex since April 2023. The successful mission ended a string of explosive setbacks for the company in the spacecraft's development.
Starship launches Aug. 26 from South Texas.
Starship soars into the sky Tuesday, Aug. 26 after launching from South Texas.
Starship, composed of an upper stage spacecraft and lower stage rocket booster known as Super Heavy, lifts off Aug. 26 from SpaceX's Starbase headquarters in South Texas.
Starship, composed of an upper stage spacecraft and lower stage rocket booster known as Super Heavy, lifts off Aug. 26 from SpaceX's Starbase headquarters in South Texas.
Starship, composed of an upper stage spacecraft and lower stage rocket booster known as Super Heavy, lifts off Aug. 26 from SpaceX's Starbase headquarters in South Texas.
Starship, composed of an upper stage spacecraft and lower stage rocket booster known as Super Heavy, lifts off Aug. 26 from SpaceX's Starbase headquarters in South Texas.
Starship, composed of an upper stage spacecraft and lower stage rocket booster known as Super Heavy, lifts off Aug. 26 from SpaceX's Starbase headquarters in South Texas.
Starship prepares to get off the ground Tuesday, May 27 for the first time since SpaceX last launched the world's largest rocket in March.
SpaceX's next-generation Starship spacecraft atop its Super Heavy booster is launched March 6 on its eighth test at the company's Boca Chica launch pad in Brownsville, Texas.
The Super Heavy booster returns to its launch pad March 6 after the SpaceX Starship continued.
U.S. President-elect Donald Trump looks on during a viewing of the launch of the sixth test flight of the SpaceX Starship rocket on November 19, 2024 in Brownsville, Texas.
SpaceX's Starship flies during its fifth flight test, in Boca Chica, Texas, U.S., October 13, 2024.
SpaceX's Super Heavy booster lands during SpaceX Starship's fifth flight test.
SpaceX Starship passes over the Earth during its fourth flight test on that launched June 6 from the company's Boca Chica launchpad, near Brownsville, Texas.
The megarocket known as Starship lifts off on its third uncrewed test flight on March 14.
SpaceX's Starship launches Nov. 18, 2023 in its second test flight.
SpaceX's Starship spacecraft explodes atop its powerful Super Heavy rocket after its April 20, 2023 launch from the company's Boca Chica launchpad on a brief uncrewed test flight near Brownsville, Texas.
SpaceX's Starship lifts off from the company's Boca Chica launchpad on its inaugural orbital test mission in April 2023, in a photo retrieved from a destroyed remote camera on the launch pad, which was returned on May 22 to Reuters.
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