Studija otkriva da magla sadrži žive bakterije koje se razmnožavaju i razgrađuju atmosferske zagađivače. Iako manje od 1% pojedinačnih kapljica nosi bakterije, zbirno one predstavljaju značajnu biomasu — čep magle može sadržati ~10 miliona bakterija. Metilobacterije su posebno važne jer razlažu formaldehid, dok prikupljanje magle može ukloniti ove mikroorganizme iz atmosfere, pa su potrebna dodatna istraživanja.
Magla Kao Stanište: Milionske Bakterije U Sitnim Kapljicama, Pokazuje Studija
Spectators on the beach stare into a gray wall of fog, hoping for a glimpse of the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket on Friday, Feb. 27 from Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station.
Nova studija menja pogled na maglu: ona nije samo skup vodenih kapljica, već i mikrohabitat prepun živih bakterija.
Istraživači sa Arizona State University i Susquehanna University analizirali su kapljice magle prikupljene tokom 32 meteorološka događaja u Pensilvaniji tokom dve godine. Otkrili su da, iako manje od 1% pojedinačnih kapljica sadrži bakterije, zbirno one predstavljaju značajnu biomasu — koncentracija mikroba u ukupnoj maglenoj vodi može biti uporediva sa koncentracijom u okeanu.
Methylobacteria su se istakle kao dominantna grupa u uzorcima. Ove bakterije razgrađuju jednostavne ugljikovodonične spojeve, uključujući formaldehid — uobičajeni atmosferski zagađivač koji doprinosi tvorbi ozonskog smoga i šteti zdravlju.
“Našli smo da milioni bakterija nastanjuju kapljice magle,” rekao je koautor Ferran Garcia-Pichel. Prema istraživačima, bakterije u sitnim kapljicama su žive, mogu se razmnožavati i aktivno razgrađuju zagađivače vazduha. Male količine maglene vode — primereno čepu — mogu sadržati oko 10 miliona bakterija.
Zašto je ovo važno?
Postoji više razloga koji čine ovakva otkrića relevantnim:
- Magla utiče na lokalne ekosisteme i može biti izvor pijaće vode za neke zajednice.
- Može smanjiti vidljivost i uticati na bezbednost saobraćaja i avijacije.
- Bakterije u magli mogu učestvovati u atmosferskim hemijskim procesima i u razgradnji zagađivača.
- Prikupljanje magle za vodu potencijalno bi uklonilo te mikroorganizme iz lokalne atmosfere — efekti toga još nisu poznati.
Istraživači su se fokusirali na radijacionu maglu, koja se formira pri mirnim uslovima i hladnom noćnom vazduhu blizu tla. To je omogućilo precizno uzorkovanje pre, tokom i nakon formiranja magle bez intenzivnog mešanja vetrom.
"Magla je stanište. Ne samo da bakterije postoje u njoj — one aktivno troše atmosferske zagađivače i verovatno rastu koristeći ih," rekao je Garcia-Pichel.
Autori napominju da su potrebne dodatne studije kako bi se razumeli širi ekološki i zdravstveni efekti ovih mikroba, kao i implikacije za prikupljanje magle kao izvora vode.
Izvor: adaptirano iz izveštaja USA TODAY; glavni autor istraživanja Thi Thuong Thuong Cao; koautor Ferran Garcia-Pichel.
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